Regulatory Bodies

ASA

The ASA (Advertising Standards Authority) is a company which monitors the distribution of advertisements across the U.K.

The company first launched in between the 1950s and 1960s and has gradually expanded larger and larger and now the company is widely known.

The purpose of the company is to make sure advertisements within the U.K. are respectable and do not have the potential to harm or upset members of the public.

An example of their work is when they banned a BT advert for misleading customers.

 

The PCC (Press Complaint Commission

 

The PCC is an organisation used to manage the press

 

The PCC are essentially the 'government' of the press in the sense that any rules they set, the press must follow and if these rules are not followed their will be consequences.

 

The PCC deals with all editorially-controlled material in UK newspapers and magazines (and their websites). This can include:

Failing to obtain the proper consent before speaking to children or people in hospital

•  Articles and Pictures
• Words and pictures on newspaper and magazines
• Audio material on newspaper and magazine websites
• Readers' letters
• Edited or moderated reader comments on newspaper and magazine websites

OFCOM (Office of Communications)

OFCOM is a governement apporoved regulatory body that monitors the ethics and practices of the broadcasting, postal services and telecommunication undustry and also airwaves wireless devices operate.

OFCOM manage a number of aspects including:

• Television
• Radio
• Telecommunications
• Wireless Communications
• Consumer Protection Law

 

Employment opportunities in the creative media sector

Employment opportunities in  the creative media sector

Contracts:

An employment contract is a legal document stating the terms and conditions of working for a particular company or person. Employees and employers must stick to a contract until it ends These terms and conditions can include:

• Permanent working - this means your job is alot safer and there is usually more perks to the job
• Temporary - this means you're contract can be terminated at any time so you're job is not safe until you are giving a permanent contract
• On completion - this type of work means you will be giving a task and once that task is completed you will be paid. This can be bad as it means if you miss deadlines you may not be paid aswell as you would like for the job
• Part time - This means you will only be working roughly 10 hours a week, this means not as much money but more free time which is ideal if you are currently studying or have other things going on
• Full time - This mean you will be working slightly under 40 hours, this is alot more work but is ideal if you are paid hourly.

Personal Behaviour:

They're many different aspects of personal behaviour that are very important, espically to and employer when assesing an individual. These different aspects include:

• Teamwork
• Accountability
• Initiative
• Timekeeping
• Common Sense
• Confidence

Progression

With just about any job there is a hierarchy, especially in Media. Just about anyone will start from the bottom and it is up to yourself to work your way up. Depending on your line of work, most people within the Media industry set out as a runner and if they show promrise they may be given more responsibility. However in some companys they may believe you have the skills to do a certain job role but not the qualifications, this can result in you not advancing further or having to complete further education before advancing through the hierachy.

Leveson Report

Leveson Report

The Leveson Inquiry is a public inquiry about the British Press, this inquiry protects peoples privacy, for example it attempts to stop things such as phone hacking and posting private images without permission from the person or party involved.

Charlotte Church:

Miss Church was one of Leveson's most high-profile witnesses and told the inquiry into media standards that she was pressured into waiving a £100,000 fee to sing at Rupert Murdoch's wedding in exchange for a promise of a 'good press'.

The news of the world also printed about Charlotte Chruches' father having an affair which claimed to have ruined her family and lead to her mothers overdose.

Heather Mills:

Heather Mills told the Leveson Inquiry about an incident in 2001 after she returned from a holiday in India.

She said after a row he left her 25 voicemail messages, including a "ditty", begging forgiveness.

Ms Mills said another journalist later told her he knew there had been problems and mentioned the song.

Madeleine McCann:

Gerry McCann told the Leveson Inquiry many of the stories were untruthful, sinister or, he believed, made up.

His wife, Kate, said seeing her private diary published in the News of the World made her feel "totally violated".

 

Persistence of Vision

Persistence of Vision

The persistence of vision is a series of images collated together to create the belief that an object is moving, this is created through a series of images being taking very closely together with little movement between each shot. This is also known as the perception of vision.

The discovery of persistence of vision is attributed to the Roman poet Lucretius, although he only mentions it in connection with images seen in a dream. In the modern era, some stroboscopic experiments performed by Peter Mark Roget in 1824 were also cited as the basis for the theory.

The above GIF of a horse is a collation of 12 images per second to create the effect of a moving horse. Other examples of the persistence of vision can include a flip-book.

Understanding Media - Laws

Understanding Media - Laws

Copyright Law:

The Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 protects artists and other sorts from having their property stolen in a legal matter. This property includes: original literary, dramatic, musical or artistic works, sound recordings, films (or broadcasts), the typographical arrangement of published editions.
 

 

Pipa and Sopa Act

 

Pipa and Sopa Act is a copyright law which stops piracy

Including torrenting, uploading video gameplays onto such sites as youtube and dailymotion, streaming and downloading videos, games and even programs

Software bundle for £1,794.57

 

Apple and Samsung Lawsuit

 

iPad vs samsung galaxy tablet

v Basically thinking the design is identical

v Ipad =  £344

v Tablet = £228

 

Obscenity Law:

The following is prohibited:

- Possession with intent to sell, and sale, of obscene matter on Federal property
- Mailing obscene or crime-inciting matter
- Importation or transportation of obscene matters
- Mailing indecent matter on wrappers or envelopes
- Broadcasting obscene language
- Transportation of obscene matters for sale or distribution
- Engaging in the business of selling or transferring obscene matter
- Obscene visual representations of the sexual abuse of children
- Criminal forfeiture
- Distributing obscene material by cable or subscription television
- Presumptions
- Transfer of obscene material to minors

Misleading domain names on the Internet
Misleading words or digital images on the Internet

The Obscene Publications Act of 1959 is chopped into five sections which cover the terms and conditions of the obscenity law.


Privacy Law:

The earliest definition of privacy in England law was given by Judge Cooley who defined privacy as "the right to be left alone".  The Privacy Act includes:

Data protection act. One of the principles states that “Personal data shall be obtained only for one or more specified lawful purposes, and shall not be further processed in any manner incompatible with that purpose or purposes.”

Privacy Act of 1974 in the US which says “No agency shall disclose any record which is contained in a system of records by any means of communication.

Examples of broken Privacy Laws:

•Phone hacking scandle

•Kate Middleton topless photos

•Tulisa sex tape

•Kate Middleton hospital prank call

•Prince Harry in vegas



Broadcasting Act:

The British Broadcasting Act can be affective to both TV and Radio, this was created to change the structure and the ownership of television and radio broadcasting. This meant that the TV or Radio companies became the broadcasters instead of the regulators. However many people and groups are against this act as there is alot of controversy around it.

Understanding Creative Media Industies

Understanding Creative Media Industries

In this course I will be discussing a variety of Creative Media Industries, including:

• Publishing

Publishing is one of Medias largest industries, employing around 200,000 people. Publishing is made up of a few different categories, including: Books, Directories and Mailing Lists, Journals, Magazines and Business Media, Newspapers, News Agencies and other Information Services. Publishing has a highly qualified workforce, with 51% holding an undergraduate degree or equivalent qualification, rising to 70% in book publishing. Companies within publishing include: Advertising Association, All Party Parliamentary Group on Publishing, EDiTEUR, Association of Publishing Industustries and The Newspaper Society. They're hundreds of these kinds of companies and together make publishing the largest source of employment in the Media Industry. With the publishing industry making it's money through newpapers and books, it's biggest threat is certainly the internet as most of these things can be found for free with much more convenience. The overall Publishing industry makes at least £10 Billion. The industry consists of a majority of small companies: 88% of them having less than 10 employees. Yet the 3% with 200 or more employees have over half of all those working in the industry on their payroll.

• Radio

Radio delivers speech and music to the audience. It covers a large variety of genres but with a personal touch. The radio industry employs roughly 22,000 people. However, the radio industry is not stuggling, but is certainly facing challenges as it has to compete with the other sectors in Media are more appealing. 89% of the UK population tune into radio each week, 24% listen via phone, 37% listen online and 31.5% of medias audience listens to radio. Categories under the Radio industry include: public services and commercial. Public services include the BBC which does not make money, commercial includes the majority of networks which do make money.

• TV

TV is still one of the most popular industries in Media. TV alone employs roughly 55,800 people and has sustained it's popularity for years. Popular TV networks include ABC, CBS and Dave. Regional TV companies include: 5, BBC and ITV. There is also around 300 cable and satellite. By far the largest part of the industry is comprised of around 850 independent production companies. They make many of the best-known programmes on television - programmes like the X Factor, Big Brother and Life on Mars. The biggest companies have turnovers of between £100-200m per year and employ thousands of people in the course of a year. But the typical independent production company is much smaller than this.

• Advertising

Careers within advertising are diverse and range from illustrators and photographers through to printers and sales staff. The advertising industry currently employs roughly 17,000 people. Jobs within the advertising industry include: Proofreader, Art Editor and Public Relations Officer. Combined, the advertising companies make roughly £6.2 billion per year and 70% of the industry is based in London. Advertising funds 75% of commercial television, 95% of national press, 80% of magazines, and 95% of commercial radio.

Animation

The animation industry in the UK consists of a workforce that stretches across many of the sectors in the creative media industries. You will find animated content on television, in feature films, commercials, websites and computer or video games. The animation undustry currently employs 4,700 people, which compared to the other undustries within media, is reasonably low.
The Animation Sector can be roughly divided into four main disciplines:

• 2D drawn or traditional;
• 2D computer generated
• stop frame; and
• 3D computer generated.

• Photo Imaging

Photo Imaging is extremely well percieved in London, with 44,000 people working in the industry and 38% of that number located in London.
The remaining companies can be broadly divided into the following categories:

• Image producers (including laboratories and minilabs)
• Photo retail
• Picture libraries and agencies
• Manufacturers
• Support services (e.g. equipment hire and repair)

Across the industry as a whole, 91% of companies employ five people or fewer.

Photo Imagine is also strongly linked with photography which is a job role within the industry.

• Interactive Media

The Interactive Media industry is worth several billion pounds and employs roughly 40,000 people. This industry is ever growing and covers a large variety of sectors, including: culture, entertainment, information, stories and society. Interactive Media includes many popular social networks such as: Facebook, Twitter and YouTube.

• Games

Games can be used through video arcades and consoles. The industry began in the 1960s but didn't really take shape and become popular until the 1980s. Developing top of the range Computer Game titles now involves large teams of people, and costs millions of pounds. The games industry employs roughly 10,000 people. Although a small number, the games industry is ever growing and is beginning to become one of the most popular industries of Media.

• Film

The film industry includes: Development, Production, Facilities, Distribution, Exhibition and Export and currently employs around 27,800 people. In 2006, the UK film industry contributed £4.3 billion to the UK economy. Film theft was estimated to have reduced the legal UK film market by £404 million in 2007; illegal downloading and copying of films remains one of the major challenges for the industry.